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1 National Institute for Standards and Technology
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > National Institute for Standards and Technology
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2 National Institute for Standards and Technology
Oil: NISTУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > National Institute for Standards and Technology
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3 National Institute for Standards and Technology
English-Russian glossary on space technology > National Institute for Standards and Technology
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4 hum. сокр. The Institute for Genomic Research/ National Institute of Standards and Technology
General subject: TIGR/NISTУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > hum. сокр. The Institute for Genomic Research/ National Institute of Standards and Technology
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5 Institute
- Institute for New Generation Computer Technology
- Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
- Institute of High Fidelity
- Institute of Molecular Manufacturing
- Institute of Scientific Information
- Institute of Telecommunications Engineers
- American Institute of Radio Engineers
- American National Standards Institute
- British Standards Institute
- Charles Babbage Institute
- Computer Security Institute
- European Telecommunications Standards Institute
- National Institute of Standards and Technologies
- Robot Institute of America
- Software Engineering Institute
- University of Southern California Information Sciences Institute -
6 Institute
в соч.- American National Standards Institute
- British Standards Institute
- Charles Babbage Institute
- Computer Security Institute
- European Telecommunications Standards Institute
- Institute for Certification of Computer Professionals
- Institute for New Generation Computer Technology
- Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
- Institute of High Fidelity
- Institute of Molecular Manufacturing
- Institute of Scientific Information
- Institute of Telecommunications Engineers
- National Institute of Standards and Technologies
- Robot Institute of America
- Software Engineering Institute
- University of Southern California Information Sciences InstituteThe New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > Institute
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7 Национальный институт по стандартам и технологии
Русско-английский глоссарий по космической технике > Национальный институт по стандартам и технологии
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8 NIST
1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. National Inst. of Standards and Technology2) Сокращение: National Institute of Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA), Naval Institute of Standards & Technology (USA), US National Institute of Standards and Technology (before 1988 - NBS), National Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly NBS), Национальный Институт стандартов и технологий (США) (бывш. NBS), New International School of Thailand (Bangkok, Thailand), National Intelligence Support Team, Nonproliferation & International Security Technology Division, (database) NIST (название формата)3) Вычислительная техника: National Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly NBS, US Government), National institute of standards and technology, National Industrial Security Program5) Сетевые технологии: Национальный институт по стандартам и технологиям, Национальный институт стандартов и технологий6) Химическое оружие: National Institute of Science and Technologies7) Интернет: National Institute of Standards and Technology. Ранее NBS8) Электротехника: Национальный институт по стандартизации и технологии (http://www.rostest.ru/content/ru/orgstandn.html) -
9 Nacionālais standartu birojs
▪ Terminien NBS, en National Bureau of Standards inf.lv sk. National Institute for Standards and Technologyru Национальное бюро стандартовLZAit▪ EuroTermBank terminiInf, Kom, ITru Национальное бюро стандартовETB -
10 Национальный Институт стандартов и технологий
1) Abbreviation: (США) NIST (бывш. NBS)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Национальный Институт стандартов и технологий
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11 Национальный институт стандартов и технологий
1) Abbreviation: (США) NIST (бывш. NBS)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Национальный институт стандартов и технологий
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12 национальный институт стандартов и технологий
1) Abbreviation: (США) NIST (бывш. NBS)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > национальный институт стандартов и технологий
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13 Nacionālais standartu un tehnoloģijas institūts
▪ Terminien National Institute for Standards and Technology, en NIST inf.lv ASV valdības organizācija, kas veicina nacionālo standartu izstrādāšanu un ieviešanu mērīšanas, skaitļošanas, tīklošanas un citu tehnoloģiju jomā. Agrākais šīs organizācijas nosaukums bija Nacionālais standartu birojsru Национальный институт по стандартам и технологиямLZAit▪ EuroTermBank terminiInf, Kom, ITru Национальный институт по стандартам и технологиямETBLatviešu-krievu vārdnīcu > Nacionālais standartu un tehnoloģijas institūts
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14 Boulder
Город на севере центральной части Колорадо, на р. Боулдер-Крик [Boulder Creek], у подножья Скалистых гор [ Rocky Mountains], на высоте 1650 м. 94,6 тыс. жителей (2000). Северо-западный пригород г. Денвера [ Denver]. Город основан в 1858 золотоискателями, получил развитие благодаря прокладке железной дороги (1873) и основанию Колорадского университета [ Colorado, University of] (1876). Центр научных, экологических исследований с 50-х гг. XX в. Здесь находятся Национальный центр изучения атмосферы [National Center for Atmospheric Research], отделения Национального института стандартов и технологий [ National Institute of Standards and Technology], Совместный институт лабораторной астрофизики [Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics], ряд корпоративных научно-исследовательских лабораторий. В окрестностях - добыча серебра, золота, меди, свинца, угля. Производство электронного оборудования. Курорт, центр туризма (горнолыжный спорт, сплав по горным рекам). Аэропорт [Boulder Municipal Airport]. В пригороде - каньон Боулдер [Boulder Canyon], Национальный парк "Роки-маунтин" [ Rocky Mountain National Park]. Ежегодный летний шекспировский фестиваль [Shakespeare Festival], проводимый университетом. -
15 TIGR/NIST
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16 NIST
English-Spanish acronyms and abbreviations dictionary > NIST
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17 Committee
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18 Committee
в соч.- American Engineering Standards Committee
- American National Standards Institute/Standards Planning and Requirements Committee
- Anti-Submarine Detection Investigation Committee
- British Committee on Radiation Units and Measurements
- Color Television Committee
- Committee for Information and Documentation on Science and Technology
- Committee on Multimedia Technology
- Committee on Radio Frequency
- Committee on Scientific and Technical Information
- Committee on Space Research
- Coordinating Committee for Intercontinental Research Networks
- Interdepartment Radio Advisory Committee
- International Radio Consultative Committee
- International Special Committee on Radio Interference
- International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee
- International Telegraph Consultative Committee
- International Telephone Consultative Committee
- Inter-Service Components Technical Committee
- National Advisory Committee for Electronics
- National Television System Committee
- Semiconductor Electronics Education Committee
- Standards Planning and Requirements Committee
- Technical Coordination Committee
- U.S. National CommitteeThe New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > Committee
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19 Goldmark, Peter Carl
[br]b. 2 December 1906 Budapest, Hungaryd. 7 December 1977 Westchester Co., New York, USA[br]Austro-Hungarian engineer who developed the first commercial colour television system and the long-playing record.[br]After education in Hungary and a period as an assistant at the Technische Hochschule, Berlin, Goldmark moved to England, where he joined Pye of Cambridge and worked on an experimental thirty-line television system using a cathode ray tube (CRT) for the display. In 1936 he moved to the USA to work at Columbia Broadcasting Laboratories. There, with monochrome television based on the CRT virtually a practical proposition, he devoted his efforts to finding a way of producing colour TV images: in 1940 he gave his first demonstration of a working system. There then followed a series of experimental field-sequential colour TV systems based on segmented red, green and blue colour wheels and drums, where the problem was to find an acceptable compromise between bandwidth, resolution, colour flicker and colour-image breakup. Eventually he arrived at a system using a colour wheel in combination with a CRT containing a panchromatic phosphor screen, with a scanned raster of 405 lines and a primary colour rate of 144 fields per second. Despite the fact that the receivers were bulky, gave relatively poor, dim pictures and used standards totally incompatible with the existing 525-line, sixty fields per second interlaced monochrome (black and white) system, in 1950 the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), anxious to encourage postwar revival of the industry, authorized the system for public broadcasting. Within eighteen months, however, bowing to pressure from the remainder of the industry, which had formed its own National Television Systems Committee (NTSC) to develop a much more satisfactory, fully compatible system based on the RCA three-gun shadowmask CRT, the FCC withdrew its approval.While all this was going on, Goldmark had also been working on ideas for overcoming the poor reproduction, noise quality, short playing-time (about four minutes) and limited robustness and life of the long-established 78 rpm 12 in. (30 cm) diameter shellac gramophone record. The recent availability of a new, more robust, plastic material, vinyl, which had a lower surface noise, enabled him in 1948 to reduce the groove width some three times to 0.003 in. (0.0762 mm), use a more lightly loaded synthetic sapphire stylus and crystal transducer with improved performance, and reduce the turntable speed to 33 1/3 rpm, to give thirty minutes of high-quality music per side. This successful development soon led to the availability of stereophonic recordings, based on the ideas of Alan Blumlein at EMI in the 1930s.In 1950 Goldmark became a vice-president of CBS, but he still found time to develop a scan conversion system for relaying television pictures to Earth from the Lunar Orbiter spacecraft. He also almost brought to the market a domestic electronic video recorder (EVR) system based on the thermal distortion of plastic film by separate luminance and coded colour signals, but this was overtaken by the video cassette recorder (VCR) system, which uses magnetic tape.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Morris N.Liebmann Award 1945. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Vladimir K. Zworykin Award 1961.Bibliography1951, with J.W.Christensen and J.J.Reeves, "Colour television. USA Standard", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers 39: 1,288 (describes the development and standards for the short-lived field-sequential colour TV standard).1949, with R.Snepvangers and W.S.Bachman, "The Columbia long-playing microgroove recording system", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers 37:923 (outlines the invention of the long-playing record).Further ReadingE.W.Herold, 1976, "A history of colour television displays", Proceedings of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 64:1,331.See also: Baird, John LogieKF -
20 Kurtz, Thomas E.
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. USA[br]American mathematician who, with Kemeny developed BASIC, a high-level computer language.[br]Kurtz took his first degree in mathematics at the University of California in Los Angeles (UCLA), where he also gained experience in numerical methods as a result of working in the National Bureau of Standards Institute for Numerical Analysis located on the campus. In 1956 he obtained a PhD in statistics at Princeton, after which he took up a post as an instructor at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire. There he found a considerable interest in computing was already in existence, and he was soon acting as the Dartmouth contact with the New England Regional Computer Center at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, an initiative partly supported by IBM. With Kemeny, he learned the Share Assembly Language then in use, but they were concerned about the difficulty of programming computers in assembly language and of teaching it to students and colleagues at Dartmouth. In 1959 the college obtained an LGP-30 computer and Kurtz became the first Director of the Dartmouth Computer Center. However, the small memory (4 k) of this 30-bit machine precluded its use with the recently available high-level language Algol 58. Therefore, with Kemeny, he set about developing a simple language and operating system that would use simple English commands and be easy to learn and use. This they called the Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code (BASIC). At the same time they jointly supervised the design and development of a time-sharing system suitable for college use, so that by 1964, when Kurtz became an associate professor of mathematics, they had a fully operational BASIC system; by 1969 a sixth version was already in existence. In 1966 Kurtz left Dartmouth to become a Director of the Kiewit Computer Center, and then, in 1975, he became a Director of the Office of Academic Computing; in 1978 he returned to Dartmouth as Professor of Mathematics. He also served on various national committees.[br]Bibliography1964, with J.G.Kemeny, BASIC Instruction Manual: Dartmouth College (for details of the development of BASIC etc.).1968, with J.G.Kemeny "Dartmouth time-sharing", Science 223.Further ReadingR.L.Wexelblat, 1981, History of Programming Languages, London: Academic Press (a more general view of the development of computer languages).KF
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